Bosnia and Herzegovina
Geography - People - Economy - Government - Communications - Transportation - Military - Transnational IssuesCountry information - Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country name - conventional long form : none
Country name - conventional short form : Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country name - local long form : none
Country name - local short form : Bosna i Hercegovina
Country name - former : People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country code : BK
Government type : emerging federal democratic republic
Capital - name : Sarajevo
Capital - time difference : UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
National holiday : National Day, 25 November (1943)
Population : 4,590,310 (July 2008 est.)
Nationality - noun : Bosnian(s), Herzegovinian(s)
Nationality - adjective : Bosnian, Herzegovinian
Languages : Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
Currency (code) : konvertibilna marka (convertible mark) (BAM)
Currency code : BAM
Major infectious diseases - degree of risk :
Major infectious diseases - note :
Bosnia and Herzegovina is located Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia. The climate is hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast. The terrain is mountains and valleys.
Background
This entry usually highlights major historic events and current issues and may include a statement about one or two key future trends.Background - comprised of two entities roughly equal in size : the Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska (RS). The Federation and RS governments were charged with overseeing most government functions. The Office of the High Representative (OHR) was established to oversee the implementation of the civilian aspects of the agreement. In 1995-96, a NATO-led international peacekeeping force (IFOR) of 60,000 troops served in Bosnia to implement and monitor the military aspects of the agreement. IFOR was succeeded by a smaller, NATO-led Stabilization Force (SFOR) whose mission was to deter renewed hostilities. European Union peacekeeping troops (EUFOR) replaced SFOR in December 2004; their mission is to maintain peace and stability throughout the country. EUFOR's mission changed from peacekeeping to civil policing in October 2007, with its presence reduced from nearly 7,000 to 2,500 troops.
