Germany - Transportation
Geography - People - Economy - Government - Communications - Transportation - Military - Transnational IssuesGermany is located Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark. The climate is temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind. The terrain is lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south.
Airports
This entry gives the total number of airports or airfields recognizable from the air. The runway(s) may be paved (concrete or asphalt surfaces) or unpaved (grass, earth, sand, or gravel surfaces) but may include closed or abandoned installations. Airports or airfields that are no longer recognizable (overgrown, no facilities, etc.) are not included. Note that not all airports have accommodations for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control.Airports : 550 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways - total : 331
Airports - with paved runways - over 3,047 m : 14
Airports - with paved runways - 2,438 to 3,047 m : 52
Airports - with paved runways - 1,524 to 2,437 m : 58
Airports - with paved runways - 914 to 1,523 m : 72
Airports - with paved runways - under 914 m : 135 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total : 219
Airports - with unpaved runways - 2,438 to 3,047 m : 1
Airports - with unpaved runways - 1,524 to 2,437 m : 3
Airports - with unpaved runways - 914 to 1,523 m : 34
Airports - with unpaved runways - under 914 m : 181 (2007)
Heliports
This entry gives the total number of heliports with hard- surface runways, helipads, or landing areas that support routine sustained helicopter operations exclusively and have support facilities including one or more of the following facilitiesHeliports : 28 (2007)
Pipelines
This entry gives the lengths and types of pipelines for transporting products like natural gas, crude oil, or petroleum products.Pipelines : condensate 37 km; gas 25,094 km; oil 3,546 km; refined products 3,828 km (2007)
Railways
This entry states the total route length of the railway network and of its component parts by gaugeRailways - total : 48,215 km
Railways - standard gauge : 47,962 km 1.435-m gauge (20,278 km electrified)
Railways - narrow gauge : 229 km 1.000-m gauge (16 km electrified); 24 km 0.750-m gauge (2006)
Roadways
This entry gives the total length of the road network and includes the length of the paved and unpaved portions.Roadways - total : 644,480 km
Roadways - paved : 644,480 km (includes 12,400 km of expressways)
Roadways - note : includes local roads (2006)
Waterways
This entry gives the total length of navigable rivers, canals, and other inland bodies of water.Waterways - note : Rhine River carries most goods; Main-Danube Canal links North Sea and Black Sea (2006)
Merchant marine
Merchant marine may be defined as all ships engaged in the carriage of goods; or all commercial vessels (as opposed to all nonmilitary ships), which excludes tugs, fishing vessels, offshore oil rigs, etc. This entry contains information in four fields - total, ships by type, foreign-owned, and registered in other countries. *** Total includes the number of ships (1,000 GRT or over), total DWT for those ships, and total GRT for those ships. DWT or dead weight tonnage is the total weight of cargo, plus bunkers, stores, etc., that a ship can carry when immersed to the appropriate load line. GRT or gross register tonnage is a figure obtained by measuring the entire sheltered volume of a ship available for cargo and passengers and converting it to tons on the basis of 100 cubic feet per ton; there is no stable relationship between GRT and DWT. *** Ships by type includes a listing of barge carriers, bulk cargo ships, cargo ships, chemical tankers, combination bulk carriers, combination ore/oil carriers, container ships, liquefied gas tankers, livestock carriers, multifunctional large-load carriers, petroleum tankers, passenger ships, passenger/cargo ships, railcar carriers, refrigerated cargo ships, roll-on/roll-off cargo ships, short-sea passenger ships, specialized tankers, and vehicle carriers. *** Foreign-owned are ships that fly the flag of one country but belong to owners in another. *** Registered in other countries are ships that belong to owners in one country but fly the flag of another.Merchant marine - total : 393
Merchant marine - by type : bulk carrier 2, cargo 43, chemical tanker 13, container 284, liquefied gas 5, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 27, petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll off 3
Merchant marine - foreign-owned : 11 (China 2, Cyprus 2, Denmark 1, Finland 4, Netherlands 1, Sweden 1)
Merchant marine - registered in other countries : 2,998 (Antigua and Barbuda 941, Australia 2, Bahamas 44, Bermuda 22, Brazil 6, Bulgaria 63, Burma 1, Canada 3, Cayman Islands 15, Cyprus 189, Denmark 9, Denmark 1, Estonia 1, Finland 1, France 1, Georgia 2, Gibraltar 129, Hong Kong 6, India 2, Indonesia 1, Isle of Man 56, Jamaica 4, Liberia 849, Luxembourg 5, Malaysia 1, Malta 91, Marshall Islands 235, Mongolia 4, Morocco 2, Netherlands 75, Netherlands Antilles 43, Norway 1, NZ 1, Panama 44, Portugal 2, Portugal 18, Russia 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3, Singapore 24, Slovakia 3, Spain 1, Spain 4, Sri Lanka 5, Sweden 5, Turkey 1, UK 76, US 5) (2008)
Ports and terminals
This entry lists major ports and terminals primarily on the basis of the amount of cargo tonnage shipped through the facilities on an annual basis. In some instances, the number of containers handled or ship visits were also considered.Ports and terminals : Bremen, Bremerhaven, Duisburg, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Lubeck, Rostock, Wilhemshaven
More Information about the country
